A pair of antique obstetrical birthing forceps, axis traction forceps from the early 20th century. When closed they measure 38cm in length excluding the traction handle. In good condition with some marks and tarnish.
 
This obstetrical forceps type was developed by Charles Cullingworth, they grip and rotate a baby’s head during difficult childbirths. The curved blades fit the baby’s head and the curve of the mother’s pelvis. Gynaecologist and obstetrician Charles Cullingworth (1841-1908) modified existing designs. He strengthened the materials using only metal as well as strengthening the screws used. 
 
In 1877, French obstetrician Etienne Tarnier (1828-1897) introduced the most important innovation in obstetrical forceps during the 1800s. It consisted of an attachment to the blades as this example. This allowed traction to be applied in the axis of the birth canal. The birth canal is the path taken by the foetus during its passage through the pelvic cavity.
 
The catalogue entry showing a similar pair is taken from the Thackray catalogue dated 1900.